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In this article, we will take a look at the type conversion function in Terraform, toset() , explaining what it can be used for, the difference between it and the tolist() function, along with some useful examples showing how to use it within a for_each loop.
Terraform toset is a type conversion function. It can be used to convert supplied values to a set, ensuring uniqueness and unordered nature. The syntax of this function is toset(value), where value is the input value you want to convert to a set.
In Terraform, a set is a collection type that represents an unordered collection of unique values. Sets are used to store and manage distinct elements, and they are commonly used for scenarios where uniqueness and order are not important. The set data type is useful when you want to ensure that each element is unique within the collection.
What is the difference between toset and tolist?
The toset() function converts a value to a set, that is an unordered collection of unique values, while tolist() converts a value to a list, preserving the order of elements.
A list in Terraform is a collection type that represents an ordered sequence of elements. Lists are used to store and manage a series of values, and the order in which elements are defined in the list is maintained. Elements in a list can be of various types, such as strings, numbers, or other complex data structures.
Read more about other Terraform functions.
In the example below, we have a list we convert into a set.
variable "my_list" {
type = list(string)
default = ["luke", "yoda", "darth"]
}
locals {
my_set = toset(var.my_list)
}
output "set_output" {
value = local.my_set
}The output would show:
Outputs:
set_output = toset([
"luke",
"luke",
"darth",
])You can also use the Terraform console to experiment with Terraform functions. For example, the simple test supplying the values directly to the toset()function on the terraform console shows the same output:
Since Terraform’s concept of a set requires all of the elements to be of the same type, mixed-typed elements will be converted to the most general type (for example, if strings and numbers are supplied in the list together). Also note that sets cannot contain duplicate values, and any duplicate values supplied are coalesced. Sets are also unordered, so any ordering when supplying the list is also lost.
For example:
Terraform for_each with toset
The for_each construct in Terraform is often used to iterate over a map or a set of values and create multiple instances of a resource or module. If you have a set of values and you want to use for_each in conjunction with toset(), you’ll need to convert your input data to a set.
variable "my_list" {
type = list(string)
default = ["luke", "yoda", "darth"]
}
resource "example_resource" "my_resource" {
for_each = toset(var.my_list)
name = each.value
}
output "character_names" {
value = example_resource.my_resource[*].name
}On running terraform apply, the output will show:
Outputs:
character_names = [
"luke",
"yoda",
"darth",
]In Terraform, type conversion functions are used to convert values from one data type to another. These functions allow you to handle and manipulate different types of data in your Terraform configurations. The toset() function allows you to convert supplied values to a set (ensuring uniqueness and unordered nature).
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Note: New versions of Terraform will be placed under the BUSL license, but everything created before version 1.5.x stays open-source. OpenTofu is an open-source version of Terraform that will expand on Terraform’s existing concepts and offerings. It is a viable alternative to HashiCorp’s Terraform, being forked from Terraform version 1.5.6. OpenTofu retained all the features and functionalities that had made Terraform popular among developers while also introducing improvements and enhancements. OpenTofu works with your existing Terraform state file, so you won’t have any issues when you are migrating to it.
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